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A STRIKE IS CRIMINAL SYNDICALISM IN CALIFORNIA - 1931 ACLU Pamphlet


"The case was concluded on June 13th. After deliberating two hours the jury returned a verdict of guilty against all defendants on all 3 counts.

The nine men were sentenced on June 16th. They are:

Frank Spector, Los Angeles organizer for the International Labor Defense; record does not show that he was ever in Imperial Valley.

Carl Sklar, Los Angeles organizer for the Communist Party; in Valley only a few times.

Oscar Erickson, national secretary of the Agricultural Workers Industrial League; spent about two months in the Valley.

Tsuji Horiuchi, Japanese citizen, secretary of the Imperial Valley Trade Union Unity League;

Lawrence Emery of the Marine Workers Industrial Union; spent about two months in Valley.

Danny Roxas, a Filipino, secretary of the local Agricultural Workers Industrial League;

Eduardo Herrera, cement worker, Braulio Oroszco, carpenter, and Emilio Alonzo, agricultural workers; Mexican citizens.

The first six men above were sentenced on three counts to one to 14 years each, the sentences to run consecutively, making a total of 3 to 42 years. Four were sentenced to San Quentin Prison, but two, Sklar and Horiuchi, to Folsom Prison, used commonly for repeated offenders. Neither Sklar or Horiuchi was ever in prison before and no explanation was made for the discrimination against them.

Herrera and Orozco were sentenced to San Quentin for terms of 2 to 28 years. Alonzo's sentence was suspended in order to deport him to Mexico."



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